FIXERS, PATRONAGE, ‘FIXING,’ AND LOCAL
GOVERNANCE IN KARNATAKA

Anand Inbanathan
D.V. Gopalappa

Abstract

Various individuals, including party officials, elected representatives of panchayats, and sundry persons carry out functions designated as ‘fixing’. These activities are carried out by fixers for rural people, mainly in relation to government agencies and departments, which they would otherwise have found difficult to accomplish on their own. A fee is charged for such work. Elites (‘big men’ of the village) too are occasionally engaged in fixing. An essential distinction we have made is to emphasise the payment of a fee for whatever assignment is carried out. The function, rather than the person, has been given primary importance in analysing ‘fixers’ and ‘fixing’

Working Papers